Generates a Bash Script Template that handles Arguments and Flags Cleanly.

This GitHub Repository can be found at bit.ly/bash-script-generator, and is released under the GNU v3 License, so hack away as long as you keep it open-source. To access the generator script directly, a convenient short link is provided: bit.ly/generate-bash-script.

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Authored by: Will Salemé

Features

The following features are supported:

  • Single dash and double dash options (-d OR --date)
  • Boolean options (-p without a value)
  • Compounded options (-dpi translates to -d, -p and -i)
  • Multiple options exported in arrays (--date foo1 -d foo2 --date foo3 exports to 'foo1', 'foo2', 'foo3')
  • Catch-all Method
  • Custom Methods
  • Parsed options are exported into EXPORTS
  • Parsed option values are exported to OPTS_<varname>
  • Parsed arguments are exported into ARGS also passed to custom methods as ${@}
  • Autocompletion enabled with a generator method

Running the Generator

To run the generator you simply execute the command below from your terminal:

Or to customize your generated script, execute this command instead:

The generator script has the following options:

  • -n --name for Script Name
  • -v --version for Script Version
  • -c --catch-all for Catch All toggle

The output will be directed to stdout so you can easily forward the output to a file stream.

Configuring the Generated Template

There will be a few options for you to configure the generated template, below is the reference:

Script Name

SCRIPT_NAME

Displayed in the Help Message and Version Message.

Script Version

SCRIPT_VER

Displayed in the Version Message.

Script Options

SCRIPT_OPTS

This is where you will configure the script options/flags. This is provided by a compounded array SCRIPT_OPTS, where each array value contains the matching pattern and the variable name under which the provided value will be exported.

Options Format:

The SCRIPT_OPTS is an array who's values are as follows: <regex>:<varname>

The first part before the colon is a standard Regex to match against the given options, i.e. (-d --date) will match either -d or --date — you can append as many patterns as you want using the OR operator and all of the patterns will be matched and mapped to the <varname>.

The second part after the colon is the key used as the variable name. This name will be exported as OPTS_<varname>, i.e. OPTS_DATE in the case of a date option.

A complete example of this: (-d --date):DATE

Remember: Arrays in Bash are delimited with a space, i.e. ARRAY=('foo' 'bar' 'baz')

Important: Options that are provided as boolean flag, i.e. no value is provided other than the flag itself, will be exported with the value of variable name. For example OPTS_PUBLISH will have the value 'OPTS_PUBLISH', this will let you know when you're provided true vs the boolean flag alone.

Script Catch All

SCRIPT_CATCHALL

This will enable/disable the catch all method. Normally, you'd have to specify a script method, i.e. script [options] operation [args] but you may also want to skip the operation and simply execute script [options] [args] in which case you'd enable the Catch-All Option.

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This will only accept yes or no for a value, otherwise, it defaults to disabling the Catch-All Method.

Script Autocompletion

This script is equipped with an autocomplete helper method. Simply execute <scriptname> generate-autocomplete to generate an autocomplete script. This utilizes the <scriptname> methods method to get a dynamic list of all available methods/operations, this is done automatically and will update the list of methods as you add more method definitions.

Sourcing the Autocomplete Script

For the autocomplete to function, you will need to source it into your bash session, best place to do this is in your ~/.profile by simply including source path/to/autocomplete/script and restarting your bash session. You may also include it in /etc/profile to provide it to all users, although not recommended unless you know what you're doing.

Notice: For autocompletion to operate properly, you MUST NOT start your method names with an underscore (_) as they're considered internal methods and will be omitted from method list.

License and Disclaimer

This software is provided as-is and no warranties or guaranties are provided by the author. Use at your own risk. Distributed under the GNU v3 Open Source License.

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Terraform allows you to define and create complete infrastructure deployments in Azure. You build Terraform templates in a human-readable format that create and configure Azure resources in a consistent, reproducible manner. This article shows you how to create a complete Linux environment and supporting resources with Terraform. You can also learn how to install and configure Terraform.

Note

For Terraform specific support, please reach out to Terraform directly using one of their community channels:

  • The Terraform section of the community portal contains questions, use cases, and useful patterns.

  • For provider-related questions please visit the Terraform Providers section of the community portal.

Create Azure connection and resource group

Let's go through each section of a Terraform template. You can also see the full version of the Terraform template that you can copy and paste.

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The provider section tells Terraform to use an Azure provider. To get values for subscription_id, client_id, client_secret, and tenant_id, see Install and configure Terraform.

Tip

If you create environment variables for the values or are using the Azure Cloud Shell Bash experience , you don't need to include the variable declarations in this section.

The following section creates a resource group named myResourceGroup in the eastus location:

In additional sections, you reference the resource group with ${azurerm_resource_group.myterraformgroup.name}.

Create virtual network

The following section creates a virtual network named myVnet in the 10.0.0.0/16 address space:

The following section creates a subnet named mySubnet in the myVnet virtual network:

Create public IP address

To access resources across the Internet, create and assign a public IP address to your VM. The following section creates a public IP address named myPublicIP:

Create Network Security Group

Network Security Groups control the flow of network traffic in and out of your VM. The following section creates a network security group named myNetworkSecurityGroup and defines a rule to allow SSH traffic on TCP port 22:

Create virtual network interface card

A virtual network interface card (NIC) connects your VM to a given virtual network, public IP address, and network security group. The following section in a Terraform template creates a virtual NIC named myNIC connected to the virtual networking resources you've created:

Create storage account for diagnostics

To store boot diagnostics for a VM, you need a storage account. These boot diagnostics can help you troubleshoot problems and monitor the status of your VM. The storage account you create is only to store the boot diagnostics data. As each storage account must have a unique name, the following section generates some random text:

Now you can create a storage account. The following section creates a storage account, with the name based on the random text generated in the preceding step:

Create virtual machine

The final step is to create a VM and use all the resources created. The following section creates a VM named myVM and attaches the virtual NIC named myNIC. The latest Ubuntu 16.04-LTS image is used, and a user named azureuser is created with password authentication disabled.

SSH key data is provided in the ssh_keys section. Provide a public SSH key in the key_data field.

Complete Terraform script

To bring all these sections together and see Terraform in action, create a file called terraform_azure.tf and paste the following content:

Build and deploy the infrastructure

With your Terraform template created, the first step is to initialize Terraform. This step ensures that Terraform has all the prerequisites to build your template in Azure.

The next step is to have Terraform review and validate the template. This step compares the requested resources to the state information saved by Terraform and then outputs the planned execution. The Azure resources aren't created at this point.

After you execute the previous command, you should see something like the following screen:

If everything looks correct and you're ready to build the infrastructure in Azure, apply the template in Terraform:

Once Terraform completes, your VM infrastructure is ready. Obtain the public IP address of your VM with az vm show:

Generate Ssh Key Bash

You can then SSH to your VM:

Linux Generate Random Number

Next steps